Which organisms allow termites to effectively digest cellulose?

Termites are unique primarily because they rely on symbiotic relationships with certain microorganisms to digest cellulose, which is a major component of their diet originating from wood and plant material. The microorganisms that play a crucial role in this process are primarily protozoans, particularly those housed in the termite's gut. These protozoans possess enzymes that can break down cellulose into simpler sugars, which termites can then utilize for energy.

While gut bacteria also contribute to cellulose digestion, the question specifically emphasizes the type of organisms that allow for this process in termites. Protozoans are key players in this digestion cycle because they have a distinct ability to digest cellulose into forms that termites can absorb and metabolize effectively. Thus, achieving an efficient breakdown of cellulose in the termite gut is significantly dependent on these protozoans.